Evaluation of compressive strength and dislodgement resistance of modified Biodentine with titanium dioxide and zirconia nanoparticles as root-end filling materials: An in vitro study

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the compressive and push-out bond strength of Biodentine modified with nanoparticles (NPs) of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 NPs) and zirconia (ZrO 2 NPs) as root-end filling materials. Methods: In this study, two variables were evaluated: (i) compressive strength and (ii) push-out bond strength. Forty-five cylindrical specimens were prepared in three groups ( n = 15): Group 1: Biodentine (control), Group 2: Biodentine + TiO 2 NPs, and Group 3: Biodentine + ZrO 2 NPs in a 3:1 ratio by weight and subjected to compressive testing. For push-out bond strength, 45 human extracted single-rooted premolar teeth were cleaned, and following root canal treatment, apical 3 mm was resected and ultrasonic retrograde cavities were prepared, and root-end filling materials were placed as mentioned in the above three groups ( n = 15). Horizontal sections of 2 mm thickness were obtained from the apical third of specimens and mounted in acrylic resin blocks. Specimens were subjected to compressive and push-out bond strength utilizing a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey’s tests, and the significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: The highest compressive and push-out bond strength was found in Group 3 followed by Group 2 and least in Group 1 ( P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Addition of TiO 2 NPs and ZrO 2 NPs enhanced the compressive and push-out bond strength of Biodentine. However, nano-zirconia modified Biodentine was superior in exhibiting the highest compressive and push-out bond strength as root-end filling material.