Study on risk assessment model and route optimization for campus travel routes during typhoons

Typhoons pose significant safety threats to coastal university campuses, causing injuries due to tree collapse and falling branches each year. This study develops a risk assessment model for campus pedestrian routes during typhoons using the LEC (Likelihood, Exposure, Consequence) method with a normalization algorithm, validated through a case study at Shantou University. Through field surveys, CFD wind simulations, space syntax analysis, and tree risk classification, we assessed 38 road sections across three major travel routes. Results reveal significant spatial variations in risk levels, with high-risk sections concentrated in open areas and near high-hazard tree species. Route optimization strategies are proposed to enhance safety and resilience. The research provides a practical framework for improving typhoon risk management on coastal university campuses, supporting the development of climate-adaptive and resilient campus spaces.