Orientation‐Dependent Phase Transformation Pathways Enabling Superior Superelastic and Elastocaloric Performance of NiTi Alloys

Developing elastocaloric materials that combine a large adiabatic temperature change with high superelastic stress and large recovery strain is crucial for the commercialization of solid-state refrigeration. In this study, a scalable manufacturing route is introduced by integrating simulations with experiments to investigate the orientation-dependent phase transformation behavior, producing NiTi alloys with performance surpassing that of all reported elastic metals in terms of superelasticity and elastocaloricity. Microstructural characterization confirmed that the preferred (001) grain orientation facilitates the generation of (001) compound twins in the [100](001) slip system, promoting the formation of low-index reversible martensite and thereby enhancing the reversibility of the phase transformation. These results establish a direct link between crystallographic texture, variant selection, and functional performance, providing a scalable material solution for next-generation solid-state cooling devices.