A conceptual model of the digital transformation of agriculture in Russia

The purpose of this study is to develop a conceptual model of the digital transformation of Russian agriculture, driven by the need for a theoretical and methodological justification for this process to improve the efficiency of digital technology implementation in agricultural production. A systems-process approach was used as the methodological basis for the study, allowing for the digital transformation of agriculture to be considered from two perspectives simultaneously: as a continuous process of production improvements through the implementation of digital technologies and as a system where the input is a specific set of digital technologies and management decisions, and the output is data-driven management decisions and increased labor productivity. The scientific novelty lies in the integration of previously developed digital transformation stages into a holistic conceptual model adapted to the specifics of Russian agriculture and the development, on this basis, of a mechanism for practical implementation through technology roadmaps (TRD), including qualitative and quantitative conditions for transitions between stages. The developed conceptual model of the digital transformation of agriculture incorporates technologies, including management ones, indicators for assessing each stage, and support tools. It is shown that for a specific agricultural producer, the digital transformation concept should be implemented using a technological roadmap, i.e., a phased process of digital transformation of the organization linked to a timeline. Qualitative conditions for the transition from one stage of digital transformation to the next are identified. These qualitative conditions include technologies, research and development, knowledge, and skills critical to the digital transformation of the industry. The implementation of technologies, along with various management measures, will enable the transition from one stage of digital transformation to the next.