Real‐Time Singularity Modulation With a Liquid Crystal On‐Chip Optical Computing System for High‐Fidelity Imaging

ABSTRACT The existence of discontinuous and time‐varying singularities poses a fundamental challenge to phase modulation and imaging performance within optical systems. We first present a liquid crystal on‐chip optical computing system (LCOC) integrating a liquid crystal microlens array (LC‐MLA) and a polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film. The LCOC architecture comprises a cascade of two optical convolutional layers and a nonlinear activation layer, enabling programmable optical computation. By exploiting the electronic tunability of the LC‐MLA for adaptive linear filtering and the scattering nonlinearity of the PDLC film, the system transforms discontinuous singularity distributions into continuous functions. Through optoelectronic co‐optimization, our approach achieves real‐time singularity modulation. Experimental results show that the LCOC suppresses singularities with a root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) of 0.03725, improving imaging fidelity. The system outperforms both single‐layer optical and digital neural networks, offering a promising route toward high‐performance, adaptive optical computing.