Validation of 3D MHD simulations of Ne/D <sub>2</sub> mixed shattered pellet injection in JET
Abstract Nonlinear 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modeling of shattered pellet injection (SPI) in JET tokamak plasmas is performed with the JOREK code. The study focuses on the validation of simulation result with respect to experimental observations, addressing in particular figures of merit for the efficiency of the SPI, as a technique to mitigate thermal loads by injecting radiative impurities like neon during the thermal quench (TQ) phase of disruptions. A set of JET pulses with neon/deuterium atomic mixture ratio in the shattered pellet varying from 10% to 100% provides the experimental data to be compared with. Simulations using different models for the ablation of solid fragments and the radiation of neon impurities are considered. Synthetic diagnostics are employed for a direct quantitative comparison with key JET diagnostic systems providing in particular radiation, electron temperature and density, and magnetic measurements. 3D radiation structures from MHD simulations are analyzed to estimate the toroidal asymmetry of radiation, which is difficult to measure in JET due to the presence of only two toroidally displaced multi-channel bolometry systems. JOREK simulations show that, before the TQ, the bulk of the radiation is concentrated in a toroidal region enclosing the radiating fragments that is missed by both multi-channel bolometers, suggesting a possible underestimation of the total radiation by such diagnostic systems in the pre-TQ phase. On the other hand, JOREK predicts that during the TQ the radiation becomes more toroidally symmetric, with positive implications for the heat load to plasma facing components.
Authors
- N. C. Hawkes
- T. E. Gebhart (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8259-6095)
- S. Jachmich (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8289-536X)
- S. Gerasimov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3793-7211)
- S. Silburn
- M. Hoelzl (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7921-9176)
- M. Kong
- A. Boboc (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8841-3309)
- D. Bonfiglio (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-317X)
- Di Hu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7099-5734)
- G. Szepesi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0942-374X)
- P. Puglia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4125-8465)
- H.J. Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0880-0013)
- B. Stein-Lubrano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8152-0814)
- J. Lovell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9565-3466)
- P. Carvalho (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-0499)
- F.J. Artola (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7962-1093)
- E. Nardon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0427-2292)
- L. R. Baylor (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0325-7771)
- R. Sweeney (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3408-1497)
- M. Lehnen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6043-8803)
- D. Shiraki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1452-6949)
- U. Sheikh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6207-2489)
- Sang‐Jun Lee (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8199-3993)
Institutions
- ITER (FR)
- National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (IT)
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives (FR)
- CEA Cadarache (FR)
- Fusion (United States) (US)
- Plasma Technology (United States) (US)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (DE)
- Fusion Academy (US)
- Institute for the Science and Technology of Plasmas (IT)
- United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (GB)
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Beihang University (CN)
- Commonwealth Fund (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nuclear Fusion
- Published
- 2025-12-12
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ae2c09
- Primary Topic
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00