Problems of territorial planning and land management at the present stage and ways to solve them

The causes and consequences of the systemic crisis of land management in the Russian Federation are analyzed, and proposed solutions are evaluated. A historical analysis of the development of the land management institution from Tsarist Russia to the Soviet period is conducted, along with a critical assessment of its transformation in the post-Soviet period. Statistical data are used to illustrate current problems. It is established that the abandonment of comprehensive land management has led to legal uncertainty and land degradation: by 2023, the Unified State Register of Real Estate (EGRN) lacks information on the boundaries of 50% of land plots; over the past 30 years, the area of arable land has decreased by 15%, and the proportion of degraded land has reached 35% of the total agricultural land area, leading to crop losses of up to 20-25%. Additionally, there are over 120 million hectares of unused agricultural land (about 30% of the total area). A critical analysis of proposed solutions to the problem is provided, including drafts of a new law «On Land Management» and the «Land Policy Doctrine. » A proposal is put forward to recreate the institution of «regional land manager» based on the state operator for integrated territorial development (ITD), which will become a single center of competence for land resource management at the regional level, integrating cadastral, urban planning, environmental, and agricultural aspects to ensure rational use of land potential and sustainable territorial development.