Assessing climate-driven shifts in Liquidambar orientalis using ensemble species distribution models in the Eastern Mediterranean Region

This is the first study to combine multi temporal ensemble SDMs and fossil records for L. orientalis, revealing its ecological flexibility over millennia. The findings underscore the necessity of prioritizing genetically diverse populations and climatically stable refugia in conservation strategies. Our integrative approach provides a valuable framework for assessing the climate resilience of other Mediterranean relict species.