Efficient and Upscaling Plasma‐Catalytic Conversion of CO ₂ and H ₂ O via Oxygen Vacancy‐Mediated Radical Coupling

ABSTRACT The plasma‐catalytic conversion of CO 2 and H 2 O into syngas offers a promising route for sustainability, but H 2 O introduction promotes efficiency‐limiting recombination reactions. This work develops a plasma‐catalytic system that synergizes an atmospheric pressure glow discharge (APGD) plasma jet with an oxygen vacancy‐rich nanosheet Co 3 O 4 /NiO catalyst for efficient syngas production from CO 2 and H 2 O. The optimal catalytic performance of the 0.5Co 3 O 4 /NiO catalyst is attributed to its high oxygen vacancy density, resulting from the strong Ni‐Co interaction. This design achieves a record‐high energy efficiency of 13.96% under a high feedstock flow rate of 3000 sccm, due to the synergy of plasma‐generated radicals and oxygen vacancy‐mediated activation. This work offers novel insights for achieving efficient CO 2 ‐H 2 O conversion and facilitates its industrial implementation.