Large Visual Language Models Continual Learning With Dynamic Mixture of Experts

In dynamic and evolving application scenarios, the ability of visual language models to continuously learn from new data while preserving historical knowledge is critically important. Existing continual learning methods for large visual language models (LVLMs) often restrict the number of tasks they can handle, causing performance to decline as tasks continue to increase. In this paper, we propose a novel continual learning framework that adapts to the growing number of tasks, enabling visual language models to handle a dynamic range of open-set tasks while overcoming the catastrophic forgetting problem of learning new tasks at the expense of forgetting old ones. Our method builds on a pre-trained CLIP model and incorporates a dynamic mixture-of-experts (MoE) layer, enabling flexible adaptation to a wide range of open-set tasks. We design an elastic expert weight management strategy to effectively mitigate the catastrophic forgetting problem. Furthermore, we optimize the LoRA experts with adaptive ranks to achieve a balanced trade-off between model complexity and representational capacity. Extensive experiments across diverse settings demonstrate that our proposed method significantly reduces the number of tunable parameters while consistently surpassing state-of-the-art methods in new task learning capability and maintaining performance on historical tasks.