Study on the construction background and spatial morphology of Fujian Tubao: a case study of Fuxing Bao in Yong’an City

Fujian Tubao are defensive residential structures with distinctive regional characteristics, primarily distributed in the central region of Fujian Province, China. With the rapid pace of economic development and urban expansion, the number of Fujian Tubao has drastically declined, leaving many on the verge of disappearance. A considerable portion of these structures has already collapsed or deteriorated before any systematic academic investigation could be conducted. Therefore, conducting timely case studies on the remaining Fujian Tubao and establishing comprehensive material and archival databases have become crucial tasks for safeguarding and transmitting regional cultural heritage. This study takes Fuxing Bao, a representative example of Fujian Tubao, as the central case. By employing literature review, on-site architectural surveying, and in-depth interviews, a systematic case study was carried out to examine the construction background, architectural layout, environmental performance, and functional system of Fuxing Bao. Based on this, the study summarizes the current condition of the structure and proposes a replicable framework covering methods, content, and results for other Fujian Tubao cases. The study aims to strengthen the academic framework of Fujian Tubao research and provide a theoretical basis for the conservation and adaptive reuse of Fuxing Bao and related architectural heritage.