General Anesthesia in Psychiatric Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery: A Mechanistic Narrative Review—“When the Brain Is Unstable, Keep It Awake”
General anesthesia may exacerbate pre-existing brain vulnerability, converting reversible neural suppression into irreversible dysfunction. Therefore, whenever possible, regional/local or spinal anesthesia with or without sedation should be prioritized in those neurologically vulnerable patients to reduce the length of hospital stay (LOS) and to lower postoperative neurological complications and risks in psychiatric and neurologically unstable patients.
Authors
- Ioannis Mavroudis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-4010)
- Daniela Ivona Tomiţa
- Alin Stelian Ciobica (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1750-6011)
- A. El Kamar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9366-9386)
- Manuela Pădurariu
Institutions
- Suez University (EG)
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza University (RO)
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (GB)
- Apollonia University (RO)
- Institutul Regional de Oncologie (RO)
- Spitalul Clinic de Recuperare (RO)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Reports — Medical Cases Images and Videos
- Published
- 2025-12-12
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/reports8040263
- Primary Topic
- Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00