Assessment of community sustainability on social forestry program implementation in Indonesia: Insights from agroforestry model in Java and Sumatra

The Indonesia Social Forestry (SF) program has been implemented in different schemes and geographic locations, necessitating rigorous assessment to evaluate the effectiveness of its management. This study seeks to compare the implementation of the SF program in Java and Sumatra by conducting a sustainability analysis at community level. The research encompassed six communities, employing distinct SF scheme, twenty indicators - categorised into institutional, governance, and outcome dimensions were to utilized to calculate the sustainability index for each community. This finding indicate that communities in Java exhibit greater sustainability than those in Sumatra, as exhibit by their higher overall sustainability index (OSI). Java communities demonstrate superior performance in most institutional and governance indicators and derive enhanced socio-economic benefits from the SF program. Furthermore, the longevity of communities institutions and increased value of SF product's are indicative of more mature organizational governance and heightened entreprencurial capacity within these communities.