Central venous catheter care and the healthcare–environment interface: outcomes of a quality improvement initiative in a resource-constrained ICU

This single-center study had a small sample size and short post-intervention follow-up, which may limit generalizability. Nonetheless, the initiative demonstrates that structured, low-cost QI interventions can improve compliance, reduce device use, and may support safer, more environmentally sustainable ICU care. Continuous monitoring and multicenter validation that integrate infection control with environmental stewardship are essential to sustain improvements and minimize the environmental footprint of critical care. Digital surveillance and ongoing training can improve real-time monitoring and scalability in healthcare systems.