Histological-pathological and clinical T stage of primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland in a Chinese population

In this Chinese cohort, the solid-basaloid pattern correlated strongly with advanced T4 disease and aggressive behavior. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox analyses consistently demonstrated that T4 stage was independently associated with significantly poorer DFS. For T4 patients, DFS did not differ significantly between exenteration and globe-preserving surgery when combined with radiotherapy, suggesting that eye-sparing approaches may be viable in advanced cases.