Theoretical and numerical studies on azimuthal modes transition of viscoelastic swirling liquid jets

Viscoelastic swirling jets hold significant potential for engineering applications, such as atomizers and combustors. This study carries out theoretical analysis and numerical simulations to investigate the role of elasticity in the instability of swirling jets. It is found that the elastic force could suppress jet instability. However, the suppressing effect is weakened as elasticity gradually increases, thereby enhancing the influence of centrifugal force. This results in modes with the higher azimuthal wavenumbers dominating the jet breakup.