Strategic Pathways for BIM Construction Readiness in Jordan: Driving Sustainable Digital Transformation

This study addresses the under-examined challenge of enhancing construction readiness for Building Information Modeling (BIM) in developing nations, with Jordan serving as a representative case. Three key contributions are made to bridge critical gaps in existing literature and practice. First, a BIM Adoption Model for Developing Countries is proposed, uniquely structured as a multi-dimensional framework that integrates strategic, contextual, and adoption factors to tackle systemic barriers, such as fragmented policies, limited digital literacy, and infrastructural deficits. Second, novel empirical validation is achieved through the statistical analysis of 171 industry responses, which combines Relative Importance Index (RII) rankings with Pareto and Fishbone diagrams to rank region-specific barriers (e.g., high initial costs, RII = 0.93) and success factors (e.g., standardized workflows, RII = 0.93). Third, the framework’s scalability is demonstrated through comparative case studies in Egypt and Lebanon, offering a replicable methodology for nations transitioning from traditional practices to BIM-enabled workflows. By resolving the technical challenge of aligning global standards (e.g., ISO 19650) with localized constraints, such as compatibility between legacy tools and BIM platforms, this research provides policymakers and industry leaders with actionable strategies to reduce process variations by 35%, accelerate digital transformation, and foster sustainable growth in resource-constrained construction sectors.