The Healthy Environments and Active Living for Translational Health (HEALTH) Platform: A smartphone-based system for geographic ecological momentary assessment research

Smartphones have become a widely used tool for delivering digital health interventions and conducting observational research. Many digital health studies adopt an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methodology, which can be enhanced by collecting participant location data using built-in smartphone technologies. However, there is currently a lack of customizable software capable of supporting geographically explicit research in EMA. To address this gap, we developed the Healthy Environments and Active Living for Translational Health (HEALTH) Platform. The HEALTH Platform is a customizable smartphone application that enables researchers to deliver geographic ecological momentary assessment (GEMA) prompts on a smartphone in real-time based on spatially complex geofence boundaries, to collect audiovisual data, and to flexibly adjust system logic without requiring time-consuming updates to participants' devices. We illustrate the HEALTH Platform's capabilities through a study of park exposure and well-being. This study illustrates how the HEALTH Platform improves upon existing GEMA software platforms by offering greater customization and real-time flexibility in data collection and prompting participants. We observed survey prompt adherence is associated with participant motivation and the complexity of the survey instrument itself, following past EMA research findings. Overall, the HEALTH Platform offers a flexible solution for implementing GEMA in digital health research and practice.