Generation of 5 hiPSC lines from pediatric patients with Heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) caused by heterozygous mutations in the TBX4 gene

Heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) and underlying pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) are often caused by TBX4 mutations-either loss- or gain-of-function-which are a leading cause of childhood-onset PAH. The clinically heterogeneous TBX4 syndrome can include skeletal anomalies (e.g., small patella syndrome) and developmental lung disease (DEVLD) (Galambos, 2019). TBX4 is expressed in lung mesenchymal cells such as matrix fibroblasts, pericytes, and smooth muscle cells, all contributing to PAH pathogenesis (Karolak, 2023; Maldonado, 2025). Our five patient-derived TBX4-mutant hiPSC lines provide a powerful model to investigate cell-specific mechanisms in HPAH/DEVLD-PH and support precision drug discovery and therapy development targeting TBX4-related abnormalities.