Sexual Deviance and Homosexuality: The Interplay of Innate Nature (Fitrah) and Deviation

This interdisciplinary study examines sexual deviance and homosexuality through the duallenses of Quranic exegesis and contemporary science, probing the tension between innatehuman nature (fitrah) and deviation. Grounded in Islamic theology and empirical research, thepaper analyzes Quranic narratives—notably the story of Prophet Lot’s community—toelucidate how scriptural texts frame same-sex acts as violations of fitrah, the divinely ordaineddisposition toward male-female complementarity. The research synthesizes classical exegesis(e.g., Al-Ṭabarī, Ibn Kathīr) with modern scientific insights into biological, psychological, andsocial factors influencing sexual orientation. Key findings reveal that while Quranic teachingsunequivocally condemn sexual deviance as moral transgression, contemporary medicinedistinguishes such behaviors from medical sexual disorders (e.g., erectile dysfunction), whichwarrant therapeutic intervention. The study highlights health risks linked to non-normativesexual practices, including elevated rates of STIs and mental health disorders, while critiquingreductionist "gay gene" theories in favor of multifactorial models. Proposing an integratedprevention framework, the paper advocates for community awareness campaigns, mentalhealth support, and ethical rehabilitation rooted in Islamic values. By bridging theologicaldiscourse with medical and psychological research, this work offers a nuanced roadmap foraddressing sexual deviance—balancing spiritual accountability with compassionate, evidence based care. The findings underscore the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration to upholdfitrah, mitigate health disparities, and foster societal resilience against moral and biologicaldestabilization.