Therapeutic Effects of Chitosan and/or Curcumin against Methomyl Induced- Renal Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis in adult rats

Methomyl (MET) is a carbamate insecticide that is widely used to control insects, ticks and spiders. However, its application affects adversely on various organs in both human and non-target organisms. In this work, we assessed the outcome of chitosan and curcumin intake either alone or combined against MET induced renal damage in rats. MET (1 mg/kg/day), chitosan (200 mg/day) and/or curcumin (60 mg/kg/day) were administered orally for 14 weeks. Compared with methomyl treated group, results showed that chitosan and/or curcumin improved kidney function markers in serum samples. Additionally, chitosan and curcumin induced marked increases in the levels of SOD, GPx and GSH with decreases in MDA levels in kidney tissue. Flow cytometry unveiled that chitosan and curcumin treated groups have lower renal levels of Il-1ß, TGF-ß1 and caspase-3 together with higher levels of BCl2 in comparison with MET treated group. The histopathological results validated that both substances significantly improved MET-induced changes in kidney. In conclusion, these results revealed that administration of chitosan and curcumin counteracted MET-induced toxicity in kidney tissue through enhancement of antioxidant defense and alleviating inflammatory and apoptotic markers.