Influence of chemical treatment on the physico-mechanical characteristics of sapindus trifoliatus leaf fibers

Abstract In this study natural fiber from Sapindus Trifoliatus leaves were extracted, processed and subjected to sodium hydroxide treatment. Changes in physical, chemical, thermal and mechanical properties of the fiber were investigated. The midrib fibers of the Sapindus Trifoliatus leaves were subjected to 10% NaOH treatment for duration ranging from 1 to 4h, the variations in chemical constituents of the fibers were scrutinised. Variations in diameter, density, tensile strength were experimentally determined. In addition, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis, x-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy were used for characterisation. The targeted application of these fibers is to develop ecofriendly composite reinforcements. Fiber treated for 3h duration resulted in maximum tensile strength of 52.34 MPa, correspondingly higher content of cellulose with reduction in hemicellulose and lignin was observed through compositional analysis. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and x-ray Diffraction results supported the changes in peak intensity for 3h treated fibers. Thermogravimetric Analysis of the fibers revealed considerable thermal stability of the fibers upto 400˚C. Scanning Electron Micrograph showcased separation of microfibrils, higher surface area and surface roughness for better bonding with the matrix. Developing natural fibres as reinforcements for polymer composites promotes sustainable production and consumption, leads to a reduced carbon footprint, enhances infrastructure reliability and quality of infrastructure, and supports sustainable architecture through the use of renewable, lightweight, and environmentally responsible composite materials.