Probing baryogenesis with gravitational waves

Affleck-Dine baryogenesis is compelling yet challenging to probe because of the high-energy physics involved. We demonstrate that this mechanism can be generically realized with low-energy new physics without supersymmetry while producing detectable gravitational waves (GWs) sourced by parametric resonance of a light scalar field. In viable models, the scalar has a mass of <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <a:mrow> <a:mi mathvariant="script">O</a:mi> <a:mo stretchy="false">(</a:mo> <a:mn>0.1</a:mn> <a:mi>–</a:mi> <a:mn>10</a:mn> <a:mo stretchy="false">)</a:mo> <a:mtext> </a:mtext> <a:mtext> </a:mtext> <a:mi>GeV</a:mi> </a:mrow> </a:math> , yielding GWs with peak frequencies of <f:math xmlns:f="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <f:mrow> <f:mi mathvariant="script">O</f:mi> <f:mo stretchy="false">(</f:mo> <f:mn>10</f:mn> <f:mi>–</f:mi> <f:mn>100</f:mn> <f:mo stretchy="false">)</f:mo> <f:mtext> </f:mtext> <f:mtext> </f:mtext> <f:mi>Hz</f:mi> </f:mrow> </f:math> . This study further reveals a new complementarity between upcoming LIGO-frequency GW detectors and laboratory searches across frontiers of particle physics.