Dynamic analysis and control of permanent and electro‐magnet hybrid suspension system for maglev train

Abstract To address nonlinear vibrations induced by aerodynamic effects in high‐speed maglev trains, this study focuses on suspension stability control for hybrid maglev vehicles integrating permanent magnets and electromagnets. First, a single‐degree‐of‐freedom dynamic model of the hybrid maglev system is established based on the suspension mechanism of maglev vehicles. The averaging method is then employed to analyze the correlation between system resonance and control parameters. Subsequently, a stability criterion for maglev train suspension and a corresponding calculation method for control parameters are proposed using the variable gradient method. Further, the research gap in theoretical proof for quasi‐zero stiffness maglev system stability is filled. Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the influence of parameters on the system's chaotic characteristics under different stiffness conditions. The results indicate that with the increase of speed control parameters, the vibration range of the hybrid electromagnetic suspension (HEMS) system gradually narrows, and system chaos gradually dissipates. Additionally, at an appropriate value of speed control parameters, increasing the thickness of the permanent magnet (from 0 to 30 mm) contributes to a reduction in vertical displacement of the quasi‐zero stiffness system by more than 30%.