Recent Advances in Liposome-Based Nanocarriers for Ocular Therapeutics

Delivering drugs to the eye is a big challenge. This is mainly due to barriers like tear flow, blinking, and poor drug absorption. Liposome-based nanocarriers are an attractive approach to counteract these issues owing to their biomimetic nature and capability for drug loading versatility. Liposomes are tiny, spherical vesicular systems composed of Phospholipids bilayers. They can carry both water- and fat-soluble drugs. They help improve drug solubility, enhance corneal absorption, and prolong ocular residence time, thereby enhancing bioavailability. Recent advances include coating liposomes with excipient like chitosan or Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) to improve adhesion and drug release. Some are designed to respond to changes in pH or temperature. These stimuli-responsive systems facilitate targeted and sustained drug release, enhancing therapeutic precision and duration. Liposomes are being explored for many eye diseases such as glaucoma, uveitis, infections, and retinal problems.Some liposomal eye treatments have already reached the market. These successes show the real potential of this approach. This review highlights the latest progress in liposome-based ocular delivery, key formulation strategies, and the current gaps that need attention. Overall, Liposomes are a promising step forward in improving eye treatments.