A novel high‐throughput digital morphological phenotyping method for evaluating growth traits in rice

Abstract High‐throughput and noninvasive phenotyping methods are promising technology for improving efficiency in plant research and breeding. In this study, we evaluated the performance of a digital phenotyping system (DPS) based on three‐dimensional (3D) model reconstruction for quantifying key growth traits in rice ( Oryza sativa ). The DPS was used to estimate plant height, biomass, color, leaf morphology, and tiller angle in four rice varieties (Koshihikari, Nipponbare, PL9, and Tachiaoba). The results show high accuracy and correlation between manually measured and DPS‐derived traits. Notably, the 3D volume analysis can quantify biomass accumulation and growth dynamics and revealed distinct differences among varieties. The strong correlation between the green‐red normalized difference index (a red‐green‐blue‐based index) and soil plant analysis development also demonstrated the viability of the system in monitoring leaf color without using a multispectral instrument. The analysis also captured growth patterns over time, including canopy development and senescence, which are often challenging to quantify through manual measurements alone. Furthermore, the tiller angle estimation derived from DPS provided an alternative method to plant architecture evaluation, demonstrating its potential for use in breeding programs aimed to optimize canopy structure. These findings establish DPS as a reliable and scalable tool for a digital phenotyping platform that enables comprehensive trait analysis with reduced labor and increased precision and the capability to continuously monitor plant growth and biomass accumulation. This study shows the potential of this novel digital tool for automating manual measurements, which can increase efficiency and expedite research and breeding in rice and other crops.