Dose optimization in cone-beam CT: impact of upper limb placement on patient and procedural exposure

Patient arm positioning does not significantly affect CBCT radiation dose. BMI is a key determinant of radiation exposure, underscoring the need for size-specific imaging protocols. Despite differences in CBCT protocol radiation levels, total procedural radiation exposure remains similar due to the cumulative effect of fluoroscopy and DSA. Future research should focus on optimizing imaging strategies to minimize radiation exposure while maintaining procedural efficacy.