Juvenile Xanthogranuloma: A Visual Clinical Diagnosis

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a benign non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis that typically presents during infancy with solitary or multiple yellow-orange papules or nodules. We describe a 10-month-old male infant who presented with multiple progressively appearing yellow-orange papular lesions since six months of age. Dermatology and ophthalmology evaluations showed no evidence of ocular or systemic involvement. The clinical presentation was characteristic of JXG, and due to its benign nature and parental preference, no biopsy was performed. At 13 months of age, the lesions showed clear spontaneous regression. This case highlights the importance of recognizing the classic clinical features of JXG, which allows for a confident clinical diagnosis and the avoidance of unnecessary invasive procedures.