Low education and employment status drive cardiometabolic health: a social determinants perspective in Chinese population
Unfavorable SDOH, especially low education and unemployed or retired, and limited income, constitute independent determinants of CKM progression. Embedding SDOH metrics into routine CKM surveillance and designing targeted interventions for mid-life adults and women could transform primary prevention strategies.
Authors
- Xinyi Cai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1723-4447)
- Yongquan Shi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2217-9772)
- Xingxing Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6119-9322)
- Wei Tang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9371-375X)
- Tuo Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6691-7423)
- Jiafeng Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9544-7785)
- Yan Song (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7409-8122)
Institutions
- Shanghai Changzheng Hospital (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Public Health
- Published
- 2025-12-10
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1676833
- Primary Topic
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Shanghai Municipal Health Commission
- National Natural Science Foundation of China