Monitoring ecological corridors for nature and people

Ecological corridors designed to maintain ecological connectivity between protected and conserved areas is a conservation strategy that is increasingly embraced around the world. Monitoring corridor effectiveness is essential to gauge progress toward connectivity conservation objectives; it also fosters learning among diverse rightsholders and interested parties. In particular, monitoring how social dynamics contribute to successful corridor conservation can enhance benefits to conservation and to local communities. By adapting to people's needs, corridor initiatives become socially acceptable and resilient to changing environmental and socio-economic conditions. Moreover, tracking public perceptions of corridors can inform adjustments in planning, management, governance, and outreach strategies. To prescribe comprehensive corridor monitoring, we follow the Open Standards for the Practice of Conservation to set goals, establish objectives, select indicators, design monitoring activities, and set thresholds for triggering adaptive management. To illustrate the application of this framework, we present a case study from an ecological corridor in California. Finally, we propose various options for monitoring ecological outcomes, enabling conditions, and human well-being to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of corridor conservation initiatives. We emphasize that creating a team environment among corridor players and holding regular meetings is vital for maintaining enthusiasm, participation, and funding over the long term.