Influence of Drying Protocol on the Setting and Crystalline Phase Formation of Calcium Silicate‐Based Sealers
The objective of this study was to assess the hydration, crystalline structure, and setting of bioceramic ready-to-use and powder/liquid sealers in dry and wet root canal dentine. Thirty-two single-rooted human teeth were embedded in acrylic resin and sectioned into 2-mm segments. Canals were filled under dry or moist conditions using BioRoot RCS or Bio-C Sealer. Setting time was assessed using a modified Gilmore needle. Hydration was analyzed via Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) after 28 days. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (α = 5%). Bio-C Sealer had shorter setting times in moist canals (p < 0.01), while BioRoot showed no significant difference (p > 0.05). Raman identified a calcite peak (1150 cm<sup>-1</sup>), and FT-IR showed water reduction over time. XRD detected calcium hydroxide in moist Bio-C Sealer and apatite/calcite in BioRoot. Dentine moisture is crucial for the setting of ready-to-use calcium silicate-based sealers.
Authors
- Gaspar Darin Filho
- Ana Cristina Padilha Janini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3058-8557)
- Elda Xavier Souza Silveira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7835-5923)
- Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1932-2902)
- Nilvan Alves da Silva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8761-4520)
- Marina Angélica Marciano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6244-2531)
- Bruno Martini Guimarães (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8604-4180)
- Thiago Bessa Marconato Antunes (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6594-3948)
- Isis Hinnebusch
Institutions
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) (BR)
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas (BR)
- Methodist University of Piracicaba (BR)
- Universidade Politecnica (MZ)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Australian Endodontic Journal
- Published
- 2025-12-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1111/aej.70044
- Primary Topic
- Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior