Molecular Gas in Major Mergers Hosting Dual and Single AGNs at <10 kpc Nuclear Separations
Abstract We present high-resolution (∼50–100 pc) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of 12 CO(2–1) or 12 CO(1–0) emission in seven local ( z ≲ 0.05) major mergers—five of which are dual active galactic nucleus (AGN) systems, and two of which are single AGN systems. We model the molecular gas kinematics through rotating disk profiles using a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach. The residuals were then used to isolate nonrotating components of the molecular gas—the most likely contributor to future supermassive black hole (SMBH) growth. We find that more-massive SMBHs have higher surface densities of nonrotating molecular gas within their sphere of influence. This potential molecular gas supply, however, does not correlate with the current accretion efficiency of the SMBHs, suggesting that only a fraction of the observed nonrotating gas is currently reaching the SMBH. Finally, we tentatively find no significant differences in the nuclear molecular gas masses of single-AGN and dual-AGN hosts, both within the SMBH sphere of influence and within the central kiloparsec. Our results indicate that the probability of occurrence of the dual AGN phenomenon is likely dependent on AGN variability and/or obscuration rather than the availability of molecular gas in the nuclear regions.
Authors
- Ezequiel Treister (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7568-6412)
- Anne M. Medling (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7421-2944)
- Ignacio del Moral-Castro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8931-1152)
- Laura Blecha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2183-1087)
- Julia M. Comerford (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-4907)
- D. B. Sanders (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1233-9998)
- U Vivian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1912-0024)
- Neil M. Nagar (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6920-662X)
- T. Kawamuro (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6808-2052)
- Cláudio Ricci (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5231-2645)
- Michael Koss (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7998-9581)
- C. Cicone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0522-6941)
- F. E. Bauer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8686-8737)
- Chin-Shin Chang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9910-3234)
- L. Armus (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3498-2973)
- George C. Privon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3474-1125)
- Benny Trakhtenbrot (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3683-7297)
- Caitlin M. Casey (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-6466)
- Hugo Messias
- N. Z. Scoville (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0438-3323)
- Francisco Müller-Sánchez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2713-0628)
- A. F. Rojas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-8681)
- C. M. Urry (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0745-9792)
- Makoto A. Johnstone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7690-3976)
- A. Evans (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-1334)
- Giacomo Venturi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-3055)
- Loreto Barcos-Muñoz (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0057-8892)
Publication Details
- Journal
- The Astrophysical Journal
- Published
- 2025-12-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae1600
- Primary Topic
- Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00