The Impact of Productive Teamwork and Teamwork Coordination on Organizational Productivity: Evidence from Medical Centers in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq

Teamwork has become a central mechanism for improving organizational effectiveness and sustaining competitive advantage, particularly in service-based industries where collaboration is essential. Despite extensive research on teamwork, limited empirical evidence exists on how productive teamwork (PT) and teamwork coordination (TC) influence organizational productivity (OP) in developing countries, especially in the healthcare sector of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. This study examines the impact of PT and TC on OP among team leaders in private medical centers in Sulaymaniyah. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 40 valid responses out of 86 distributed questionnaires. The measurement constructs were adapted from established scales, and hypotheses were tested using correlation and regression analysis. Findings reveal that PT significantly predicts OP (? = 0.410, p < 0.001) and that TC also significantly enhances OP (? = 0.492, p < 0.001). The results confirm that teamwork quality and managerial coordination are essential mechanisms for improving efficiency, quality of service delivery, and overall productivity in healthcare organizations. The study contributes to the literature by offering empirical evidence from an underexplored region and providing practical implications for medical center administrators to enhance teamwork structures and coordination systems. Limitations and recommendations for future research are also discussed.