Green technology as an indispensable mediator of leadership and vision for green product development in Surabaya MSMEs

This study examines the pivotal roles of Green Transformational Leadership (GTL) and Green Vision (GV) in fostering Green Product Development (GPD) among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Surabaya, Indonesia. Acknowledging the challenges MSMEs face in adopting sustainable practices, the research investigates the mediating role of Green Technology (GT) in this relationship. Utilizing a quantitative approach, a survey was conducted with a sample of 363 MSMEs already committed to green initiatives. The data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with robustness tests to ensure the reliability of the findings. The results indicate that both GTL and GV have a significant positive influence on GPD. Crucially, the study confirms that Green Technology acts as a vital and robust mediator, effectively translating the strategic impetus from GTL and the guiding philosophy of GV into tangible GPD outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of a holistic approach where visionary leadership and clear strategic direction are reinforced by proactive technological adoption. These results provide practical implications for MSME leaders and policymakers, offering actionable guidance for fostering a more sustainable and competitive business ecosystem.