The Graphene Oxide Memristive DNA Sensor for Taxonomic Fingerprint

ABSTRACT The selective, rapid, and sensitive detection of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nucleobases is critical for applications in genetic diagnostics, forensic analysis, and molecular biology research. Conventional detection techniques often require sophisticated instrumentation and complex sample preparation, which limit their use in point‐of‐care settings. Advances in 2D nanomaterials, particularly graphene oxide (GO), have enabled the development of highly sensitive DNA sensors; however, challenges in achieving selectivity, simplicity, and speed remain. In this work, we present a simple and cost‐effective transistor‐based memristive DNA sensor that exploits the specific interactions between GO and double‐stranded DNA. The platform enables direct, label‐free quantification of DNA sequences across a guanine–cytosine (GC) content range of 37%–55%, with strong linear calibration (coefficient of determination, R 2 = 0.9785). The measurement process is rapid, with electrical signals acquired within 2–5 min, and does not require denaturation, fluorescent labeling, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The slow relaxation of current decay following electrical pulse stimulation correlates strongly with GC content, yielding a robust analytical signal. These findings establish a pathway for DNA composition analysis, genetic screening, and taxonomic fingerprinting using memristive GO biosensors.