Early activation of CIPK3 in the cold-tolerant potato Solanum commersonii

<i>Solanum commersonii</i> shows tolerance tolow temperatures, akey target trait for potato breeding. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CIPKs) play asignificant role inplant defence response toseveral stresses, including cold. Inthis study, weobserved the expression of<i>ScCIPK1</i>, <i>ScCIPK3</i>, <i>ScCIPK23</i> and <i>ScCIPK24</i> in<i>S. commersonii</i> exposed to4C atmultiple time intervals. Initial findings revealed that these genes were under-expressed after 10 and 30minutes ofcold stress, except <i>ScCIPK3</i>. Notably, after 24 hours, all genes displayed higher expression levels compared tothe non-stressed controls. These findings highlight the role of<i>ScCIPK3</i> inthe early stages ofcold response and indicate acoordinated regulatory mechanism across CIPKs that likely contributes tothe cold stress tolerance observed in<i>S.</i><i>commersonii.</i> Inthis work, weintroduce amodel toelucidate the signalling crosstalk under cold stress in<i>S. commersonii</i>, providing insights that could facilitate the development of cold-resistant potato cultivars.