Policy and Strategy for Sustainable Water Management in Banjarmasin City

Urbanization in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, has placed significant pressure on its water resources, leading to challenges in sustainable water management. The city, located in a deltaic area, faces frequent flooding and environmental degradation, especially in water quality and sanitation. This study looks at sustainable water management in Banjarmasin, focusing on clean water supply, wastewater handling, and the capacity of water resources. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating qualitative and quantitative techniques, including field surveys, GIS spatial analysis, system dynamics modeling, and policy analysis. The findings reveal that Banjarmasin excels in clean water sustainability, with a high sustainability index of 93.89 in Banjarmasin Timur, but struggles with wastewater management, which scored only 26.18. The city's reliance on external river sources, such as the Barito and Martapura Rivers, exacerbates its vulnerability, with the water availability ratio in 2023 being 0.35 in a closed-system scenario. Despite improvements in clean water services, wastewater infrastructure remains underdeveloped, with only 2.85% of the population receiving wastewater services. The study concludes that while clean water sustainability is commendable, integrated strategies for wastewater management and more resilient water systems are essential for long-term urban sustainability. Future work should focus on expanding wastewater infrastructure, optimizing water resource management, and promoting public awareness of water conservation.