A Concept for the Digital Preservation and Popularization of Modernist Architectural Heritage: The Case of Kazakhstan

The present study addresses the pressing challenge of documenting and digitally representing the modern architectural heritage of Almaty—a city undergoing rapid urban transformation. Particular attention is given to Soviet-era modernist architecture, which is currently at risk due to privatization, uncontrolled renovations, and the absence of state regulation. The aim of the study is to develop a conceptual model for the digital reconstruction and popularization of one of Kazakhstan's key modernist architectural landmarks—the Asem House of Everyday Services in Almaty. The methodological design integrates documentary analysis (including scholarly literature, online sources, and an interview with the building's original architect) with strategies for expert and public engagement, encompassing consultations with architects, researchers, and practitioners associated with the Archcode Almaty project. As a result, a theoretical model of comprehensive digital preservation has been developed, incorporating a 3D model of the building, a virtual tour, panoramic interior views, and supplementary textual and audio materials, all integrated into an interactive online platform. This approach not only ensures virtual accessibility but also contributes to heritage conservation, civic engagement, and educational reinterpretation. The principal contribution of the study lies in the creation of a scalable model for the digital representation of modernist architecture, applicable to other urban contexts across Kazakhstan. The research underscores the significance of digital technologies as instruments for sustainable cultural development and for strengthening public awareness of architectural identity. The novelty of the work stems from its integration of architectural analysis, digital modeling, and cultural interpretation within a unified and accessible format. Certain limitations are acknowledged, including dependence on archival sources and the necessity of interdisciplinary collaboration. From a practical standpoint, the proposed model holds considerable potential for application within heritage preservation programs, digital tourism initiatives, and architectural education.