Decoding the Architectural Design Formula of the Hue Imperial Palace, Nguyen Dynasty (1802-1945), Vietnam

The Hue Imperial Palace is widely recognized as a rich and significant source of scientific material for academic research. This paper briefly introduces the proportional relationship between the floor plan and the wooden frame of the Twin-Ridge Beam Buildings (abbreviated as Twin Buildings), alongside their dimensional origins and parametric design principles. Furthermore, this paper examines the methods of column creation, timber shaping, and their proportional relationship, aiming to formulate their design methods. With research methods of the Nguyen Dynasty's historical documents study, surveys of the remaining Twin Buildings' timbers, dimensional analyses, and investigations into traditional design methods, this study identifies a calculation system rooted in ancient mathematics. Specifically, it defines the decimal system corresponding to