Diaphragmatic ultrasound and thoracic fluid content for prediction of non-invasive ventilation failure in neonates: a randomized controlled trial

• DTF and DE measured by ultrasound show a strong correlation with TFC obtained by EC in predicting NIV failure. Additionally, DTF and DE have higher predictive accuracy than TFC in identifying preterm neonates at risk of NIV failure. • Early assessment of DTF and DE may serve as a valuable bedside tool for monitoring lung function during early application of NIV in preterm infants.