Forensic Linguistics: Identification of Individuals by Written and Oral Speech as Evidence in Criminal Cases in BRICS Countries (Brazil, India, Russia)

This paper explores the dimensions for systematic collaboration in forensic linguistics among BRICS nations, specifically Brazil, India, and Russia. In an increasingly globalized world where crimes are frequently committed through text or speech, the topic is vital. A review of scientific literature reveals that while some countries possess solid domestic foundations in forensic linguistics–encompassing forensic phonetics and authorship analysis–the focus has remained on national applications, overlooking opportunities for exchanging knowledge internationally. The research employs a“compare and contrast” methodology to systematically analyze the techniques, legal frameworks, and applications in these three countries. Russia’s approach is characterized by scientifically grounded techniques using phonetics, acoustics, and advanced quantitative software. Brazil similarly employs precise perceptual-auditory, acoustic, and stylometric analyses. In contrast, Indian experts have recognized the need to integrate such methodologies into their justice system. The article argues that mutual exchange of linguistic knowledge and practical experience can refine existing methodologies, help establishing effective practices in India, and ultimately enhance crime investigation and resolution across the BRICS+ alliance. Such collaboration is particularly crucial for combating anonymous online crimes, where advanced linguistic analysis can significantly improve investigative efficiency