A dataset of the spatio-temporal distribution of the coastline in Jiaozhou Bay from 1985 to 2022

<p indent="0mm">Jiaozhou Bay is the “mother bay” of Qingdao, and its shoreline spatio-temporal distribution has been shaped by both climate change and human activities. The monitoring of shoreline changes is of great importance for understanding sea-land pattern evolution and maintaining urban ecological balance. Based on remote sensing and GIS technology, we use the Google Earth Engine platform to obtain the spatio-temporal distribution data of the coastline in Jiaozhou Bay. The spatio-temporal distribution data of the coastline of Jiaozhou Bay for nine periods from 1985 to 2022 were obtained through band edge detection and visual interpretation of satellite images. Subsequently, the corresponding coastline lengths are calculated. The manually corrected shoreline vector data were validated using verification points and high-precision remote sensing imagery, with all error parameters falling below the theoretically allowable maximum. The dataset comprises two components: (1) the spatial distribution data of the Jiaozhou Bay coastline at five-year intervals from 1985 to 2020 and 2022 (in .shp format); and (2) the corresponding shoreline length data (in .xlsx format). This dataset provides a critical data foundation for researching the spatio-temporal evolution patterns of the Jiaozhou Bay coastline and assessing the impacts of both human activities and natural factors on its changes. The relevant research outcomes can support coastal ecosystem restoration projects and inform decision-making for regional sustainable development.