Indigenous Leadership and Advocacy in Pro-Equity Eligibility Criteria for New Diabetes Medicines in Aotearoa New Zealand [ <i>Policy Report</i> ]

Ethnic inequities in the receipt of medicines are influenced by a range of factors including inequities in the social determinants of health, barriers to accessing health care, and differences in quality of care. Policy decisions about medicines funding and eligibility play an important role in contributing to equity in access and equity in outcomes. This policy report analyzes the 2021 policy decision in Aotearoa New Zealand to use ethnicity as an explicit eligibility criterion for access to publicly funded sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes. Advocacy for this policy decision was driven by Indigenous health experts, based on strong evidence of persisting ethnic inequities in diabetes prevalence, access to treatment, and outcomes. The impact this policy has had so far on inequities in receipt of diabetes treatment indicates that using explicit ethnicity-based eligibility criteria may help overcome some barriers to access to diabetes care, even in universal health care systems.