A Comparative In Vitro Metabolic Study of Butonitazene Using Camel Liver and Fungus <i>Cunninghamella elegans</i> for Doping Control Applications
The study utilized advanced high-resolution LC-MS techniques in identifying and characterizing the in vitro metabolites of butonitazene in camels. Given its high potency and its potential for misuse in competitive events, the identified metabolites provide a foundation for effective doping control measures, further enhancing regulatory frameworks designed to protect animal welfare and uphold the integrity of the sport.
Authors
- S. Farook Basha (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2764-7915)
- Saraswathy Laya
- Jahfar Nalakath (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4926-0105)
- Shantymol V. Jose
- Praseen Ondern Komathu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6876-7115)
- Ansar Babu Palathinkal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7501-0165)
- Marina Joseph
- Rasheed Naduvilakkandy
Institutions
- United Arab Emirates University (AE)
- Bharathidasan University (IN)
- Central Veterinary Research Laboratory (AE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
- Published
- 2025-12-08
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.70005
- Primary Topic
- Animal Diversity and Health Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00