Radio, X-ray, and extreme ultraviolet signatures of internal and external reconnection of an erupting flux rope
Aims. We aim to interpret and relate features observed in gigahertz radio, extreme UV (EUV), and X-ray emissions during a filament eruption at the start of a solar flare on 2 April 2022. Methods. We analysed imaging (EUV, X-ray) and spectral (radio, X-ray) data obtained by ground-based and space instruments on board space missions both on Earth (Fermi, Hinode, Solar Dynamics Observatory) and in solar orbits (Solar Orbiter, STEREO-A), thus providing a multi-directional view on the same event. Results. The combination of EUV and X-ray images and X-ray spectra allowed us to identify hot loops in the vicinity of the filament before its eruption. We interpreted their interaction with the rising filament as a signature of an arcade-to-rope reconnection geometry. The subsequent EUV brightening within the filament revealed a helical structure of the erupting rope. We explain co-temporal radio slowly positively drifting bursts as being a result of beam acceleration within the magnetic rope and propagation along the helical structure. The corresponding X-ray spectra are consistent with a thermal origin. The filament rising was accompanied by co-temporal normal and reverse drift type III radio bursts. We interpret them as a signature of a reconnection event and estimated the electron density at the reconnection site. Further untwisting of the helical structure led to formation of a quasi-circular EUV structure seen from Earth and STEREO-A. Its occurrence was co-temporal with a unique tangle of radio U- and inverse U-bursts. We propose that several accelerated beams propagate within that complex structure and generate the burst tangle. During the start of the flare, hard X-ray emission was concentrated near the filament leg only, suggesting predominant propagation of the beams towards its rooting. Conclusions. We collected multi-wavelength observations indicating interaction of the erupting magnetic flux rope with the overlying arcade and internal magnetic reconnection inside the rising flux rope.
Authors
- Jaroslav Dudík (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1308-7427)
- Paolo Massa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0993-1974)
- J. Kašparová (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9559-4136)
- J. Rybák (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3128-8396)
- F. Schüller (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2609-1604)
- Alena Zemanová (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7565-5437)
- M. Karlický (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3963-8701)
- S. Krucker
Institutions
- Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK)
- Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam (DE)
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Astronomical Institute (CZ)
- FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland (CH)
- Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Published
- 2025-12-08
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202557440
- Primary Topic
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00