Real-World Validation of the VIVEX Formula for Vitreous Volume Estimation in Vitreoretinal Surgery: A First Clinical Case Series

The VIVEX formula demonstrates high correlation and clinically useful accuracy for individualized vitreous volume estimation across common surgical contexts. It seems that the largest error and a positive bias occur during silicone oil removal, warranting caution in oil-filled eyes. In such cases, measurement artifacts due to altered optical pathways in silicone-oil-filled eyes and the possible presence of residual oil remnants after removal may contribute to minor discrepancies between calculated and true intraoperative volumes, indicating a need for further evaluation. Overall, VIVEX may assist preoperative planning and realistic volume targeting in routine practice. As this is the first clinical case series evaluating the VIVEX formula in real surgical settings, larger prospective multicenter studies are needed to confirm and expand the findings.