Contrasts between Electrophysical Properties in a Sandy–Clay Section and Their GPR Reflections

Discrepancies in the depth of lithological boundaries with contrasts of electromagnetic properties of sediments were found in a sandy–clayey section. As a result, the reflections on ground penetrating radar (GPR) data differ in depth from the lithological boundaries, thus complicating the geological interpretation. A forward problem was solved using a model constructed from the measured electromagnetic properties. The modeling results allowed reasonable correlation of the GPR reflections with lithological boundaries and explain their discrepancies at depth. The geological interpretation of the GPR data was thus refined.