Spatiotemporal drivers of foodborne disease seasonality pattern in a coastal city of China

Two distinct seasonal patterns were identified: a relatively balanced seasonality type and a summer-dominant type. The contributions of factors to pattern differentiation varied: (1) Population size emerged as the primary driver of the summer-dominant pattern (OR = 18.32, p = 0.032), exceeding the effect strength of traditional meteorological variables. (2) Green space coverage demonstrated a significant association with reduced summer FBD risk. (3) Accommodation and catering industry GDP and east-west wind speed exhibited marginally significant associations, highlighting the potential synergistic risks posed by economic factors and extreme weather under climate change. ​CONCLUSION: This study uncovers the asymmetric drivers of seasonal FBD patterns in a coastal city, providing crucial scientific evidence for refining seasonal prevention and control strategies against FBD in coastal city settings amidst global climate change.