SPT-3G D1: Constraints on inflationary gravitational waves with two years of SPT-3G data

We present a measurement of the $B$-mode polarization power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies at $32\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\ell}<502$ for three bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz using data from the SPT-3G receiver on the South Pole Telescope. This work uses SPT-3G observations from the 2019 and 2020 winter observing seasons of a $\ensuremath{\sim}1500\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{deg}}^{2}$ patch of sky that directly overlaps with fields observed with the BICEP/Keck family of telescopes and covers part of the proposed Simons Observatory and CMB-S4 deep fields. Employing new techniques for mitigating polarized atmospheric noise, the SPT-3G data demonstrates a white noise level of 9.3 $(6.7)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{arcmin}$ at $\ensuremath{\ell}\ensuremath{\sim}500$ for the 95 GHz (150 GHz) data, with a $1/\ensuremath{\ell}$ noise knee at $\ensuremath{\ell}=128$ (182). We fit the observed six auto- and cross-frequency $B$-mode power spectra to a model including lensed $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ $B$-modes and a combination of Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds. This work characterizes foregrounds in the vicinity of the BICEP/Keck survey area, finding foreground power consistent with that reported by the BICEP/Keck collaboration within the same region and a factor of $\ensuremath{\sim}3$ higher power over the full SPT-3G survey area. Using SPT-3G data over the BICEP/Keck survey area, we place a 95% upper limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio of $r<0.25$ and find the statistical uncertainty on $r$ to be $\ensuremath{\sigma}(r)=0.067$.

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Journal
Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
Published
2025-12-08
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/33wm-c6pt
Citations
3
Primary Topic
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
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article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
3.46
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article

SPT-3G D1: Constraints on inflationary gravitational waves with two years of SPT-3G data

F. Bianchini, K. Fichman, J. E. Carlstrom, J. S. Avva et al.
3 citations
Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
3.46
article

SPT-3G D1: Constraints on inflationary gravitational waves with two years of SPT-3G data

F. Bianchini, K. Fichman, J. E. Carlstrom, J. S. Avva, C. L. Chang, E. Hivon, N. W. Halverson, J. Stephen, P. Chaubal, Karen Lévy, Alison Simpson, Anne‐Sophie Ouellette, Abhishek S. Maniyar, A. Coerver, C. L. Reichardt, F. Kéruzoré, K. R. Dibert, B. Thorne, M. Archipley, A. J. Anderson, E. Schiappucci, F. Guidi, M. Rahimi, J. D. Vieira, L. Bryant, T.-L. Chou, C. Tandoi, M. Millea, P. Paschos, J. A. Sobrin, B. A. Benson, N. Goeckner-Wald, K. Benabed, M. Korman, E. Camphuis, Y. Wan, L. E. Bleem, Kedar A. Phadke, K. R. Ferguson, T. Natoli, Z. Pan, F. R. Bouchet, J. E. Ruhl, A. Foster, Ali Rida Khalifeh, R. W. Gardner, M. Rouble, A. G. Vieregg, M. A. Dobbs, A. Doussot, Chang Feng, C. Umiltà, P. M. Chichura, L. Balkenhol, K. Prabhu, D. Dutcher, R. Gualtieri, T. M. Crawford, C. Daley, Cynthia Trendafilova, J. Montgomery, N. Whitehorn, Behzad Ansarinejad, T. de Haan, J. C. Hood, S Guns, Y. Omori, W. L. Holzapfel, F. Menanteau, G. I. Noble, S. Raghunathan, A. N. Bender, A. Hryciuk, A. E. Gambrel, A. Rahlin, Alexander W. Pollak, Arati Chokshi, A. A. Stark, W. L. K. Wu, K. Kornoelje, A. Vitrier, Yulong Li, Wei Quan, P. S. Barry, Fan Ge, S. Galli, A. E. Lowitz, C. L. Kuo, G. P. Holder, M. R. Young, Y. Nakato, L. Knox, W. Everett, N. Huang, C. Lu, G.P Lynch, E. S. Martsen, M. Doohan
article en
3 citations

Abstract

We present a measurement of the $B$-mode polarization power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies at $32\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\ell}<502$ for three bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz using data from the SPT-3G receiver on the South Pole Telescope. This work uses SPT-3G observations from the 2019 and 2020 winter observing seasons of a $\ensuremath{\sim}1500\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{deg}}^{2}$ patch of sky that directly overlaps with fields observed with the BICEP/Keck family of telescopes and covers part of the proposed Simons Observatory and CMB-S4 deep fields. Employing new techniques for mitigating polarized atmospheric noise, the SPT-3G data demonstrates a white noise level of 9.3 $(6.7)\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{\ensuremath{\mu}}\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{arcmin}$ at $\ensuremath{\ell}\ensuremath{\sim}500$ for the 95 GHz (150 GHz) data, with a $1/\ensuremath{\ell}$ noise knee at $\ensuremath{\ell}=128$ (182). We fit the observed six auto- and cross-frequency $B$-mode power spectra to a model including lensed $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}\mathrm{CDM}$ $B$-modes and a combination of Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds. This work characterizes foregrounds in the vicinity of the BICEP/Keck survey area, finding foreground power consistent with that reported by the BICEP/Keck collaboration within the same region and a factor of $\ensuremath{\sim}3$ higher power over the full SPT-3G survey area. Using SPT-3G data over the BICEP/Keck survey area, we place a 95% upper limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio of $r<0.25$ and find the statistical uncertainty on $r$ to be $\ensuremath{\sigma}(r)=0.067$.

Physical review. D/Physical review. D.Vol. 112(12)
Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CA), Northwestern University (US), Argonne National Laboratory (US), Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (JP), University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US), University of California, Los Angeles (US), The University of Melbourne (AU), University of Toronto (CA), University of Colorado Boulder (US), Princeton University (US), Université Paris-Saclay (FR), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (US), University of Colorado System (US), University of California System (US), Sorbonne Université (FR), University of Chicago (US), Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (US), Menlo School (US), Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CA), Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian (US), National Center for Supercomputing Applications (US), Laboratoire Médiations (FR), McGill University (CA), Case Western Reserve University (US), Cardiff University (GB), University of California, Davis (US), Michigan State University (US), University of California, Berkeley (US), Stanford University (US)
Openalex Percentile: Top 7%
Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
3.46
DOISourceOpenAlex
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