Effects of plyometric and strength training on the physical fitness attributes of male adolescent team sports athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ST and PT can effectively improve the 0-10 m accelerate speed, linear sprint speed, vertical jump, horizontal jump and change-of-direction speed of male teenage team athletes. For muscle strength, only ST has an impact. PT with a larger number of sets, a greater number of total sessions, a lower training frequency or shorter rest between sets has a better effect. Older and taller athletes have better adaptability to PT. ST with a shorter training duration, more repetitions, longer rests between sets, a shorter mean session duration or a shorter number of total training sessions has better results. Younger and shorter athletes have better adaptability to strength training. To optimize athletic performance, coaches should consider both the characteristics of the training plan and the dynamic physiological changes during adolescence, particularly age and maturity.